If you have ever played Fallout, you see everywhere factions/societies trying to rebuild the wasteland and get out of the depression which the world was thrown into during the Great War. The lore of Fallout says that the Great War happened due to the Resource wars and a struggle for power between the United States and China. Now its certain that in the distant future of the Fallout Universe that one faction will not rule over the entire earth, this leads to think that when countries are formed or reformed sometime in the future of Fallout that sometime that there will be conflicting interests and maybe full-scale war.

Now I pose a question here, do you think that whatever countries are formed out of the various wastelands throughout the earth that nuclear war has a potential for happening again?

Everybody in the wastes of the current Fallout games may agree not to repeat the old world mistakes that brought the bombs, but sometime in the future, close or far off, successive generations might probably forget or neglect the impact the Great War brought due to having never gone through the hardships which their ancestors have. Considering that much of earths resources have been depleted or used up in a way, makes one wonder if nuclear war for dominance would or could happen again.

What are your thoughts on the question I posed, I'd like to see them.

No, I don't think another nuclear apocalypse will befall the Fallout world. What caused the great war was two things in regards to resources, 1. Multiple nations attempting to obtain the means to acquire the resources means to power their own nation. 2. The reliance upon multiple types of power aside from nuclear, namely oil. The new world is mostly America due to the vaults, we don't entirely know if the rest of the world survived at all, the new world is also much more dependent on nuclear power and natural methods of production. This is the reason the oil rig in FO2 and Alaska in the old world were such big deals because the old world was made of HUGE factions that were not meant to be sustained on natural power. Meanwhile the new world is a bunch of smaller factions that CAN be sustained on natural powers in smaller sections.

Well what with the current state of the fallout world, where the people are begining to rely more on natural resources rather than nuclear materials, i doubt that they will be re-creating the Great War 2.0, However i do think that there are possibilities, since New World factions relies heavily on natural resources and focuses mainly on  Improving\stabilizing their government/system, unlike the NCR most New World faction are independent, and by that i ment alot of them tends to be neutral rather than occupying or annexing awhole territory. struggle for power is barely a mindset in the New World World. and a War that is based on resources is also quite rare on the New World. Usually the internal conflicts they have are either under the names of their law or justice. like the Minuteman destroying the institute "to save the commonwealth", due to how wretched the new world is it's no doubt that some of the future generation would be willing to reshape it, but of course not all factions foccused on restoring the old world, most are just trying to stay alive and keep going, i doubt that alot of the independent factions would be willing to start nuking their enemies, not to mention what with the New World technologies capable of such destruction are hidden underground or difficult to find, mostly factions like the BoS would likely to have these type of weapons, the mindset of the old world is more free-thinking as in, more spoiled. whilst the mindset of the new world is based on surviving, as they say you gotta do what you gotta do to survive, people Factions in the new world's main focus are more internal rather than a greed for resources. so i honestly doubt it.

Local factions/leaders in the new world has a more ideal mindset, such as the Commonwealth attempting to uniting before the events of fallout 4

but what matters is is their use of resource as mentioned above natural resource is a once again a neccesity rather than nuclear material/oil as a resource. which is how it was meant to be
and i can see that the fact that nuclear material and both oil being a resource is already the cause of the Great War, therefore i suppose it's highly obvious that the solution to that problem were to changing back to natural resources. which is what the New World is based on.

the only conflict i can see where they start fighting for resources are mostly bandit-factions. which does attacks and loot settlement resources.

Funnily enough of course, this was always the Brotherhood of Steel's original purpose: to protect and preserve technology deemed too dangerous for greater use. Of course, as the rest of the world has grown around them they've become more and more irrelevant, and ironically they caused a war in their own right by warring against the NCR. In the end, they repeated the mistakes they sought not to do, by fanatically following their codex over helping the rest of humanity. A good example is HELIOS ONE. They would have held it to stop people gaining access to the ARCHIMEDES weapon, but prevented others from using its solar energy.

It's amazing that Father Elijah is essentially just an extremist version of what the Brotherhood represents. Like them, he's affronted by humanity continuing on without them, using technology the Brotherhood believes is too dangerous to use, so Elijah tries bring about his own apocalyptic event to stave off humanity's progress. Not really "repeating history", but it does show how ideologies can be warped towards genocide, same as the communist and capitalist forces that destroyed themselves in the Great War.

Anyway, as the radiation clears the world would become a healthier place. There are less combustion-based vehicles driving and flying around, less factories pumping pollution into the atmosphere, populations are much smaller, stuff like that. I guess humanity would just have to develop new technologies with fewer resources than before. I don't think they'd be able to split the atom again, but really who can say after a few centuries? Humanity will repeat its mistakes I think, using up resources, fighting wars over territory and resources, but I don't think they'd be able to resort to blowing up the world again. If anything they're just not as ideologically extreme as the Enclave were (and people like Elijah are). No one would be willing to destroy the world again, at least, not for the first few centuries.

If anything it would probably increase the chances of another great war. Maybe not in a global scale but people would be less reluctant to use nuclear bombs on each other. Because it happened once and people survived so it wasn't the end of the world.

It's like how people thought using using chemical, poisonous or incendiary bombs or stuff like that were war crimes in WW1 but then everybody started using it. Nowadays they are almost used on a daily basis in different parts of the world.